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1.
J Palliat Care ; : 8258597231212305, 2023 Nov 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37981831

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To describe mouth disorders in patients undergoing palliative care (PC); to identify predisposing factors for oral disorders and pharmacological and nonpharmacological strategies. METHODS: Observational, exploratory, correlational, and descriptive study about mouth disorders of patients admitted to a hospital specializing in PC in Portugal, between November 6, 2019, and July 31, 2020. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire and the consultation of the patient's clinical file. It was obtained the previous authorization of the ethics committee and the patient's informed consent. Data were analyzed using the SPSS® software (V.26). RESULTS: The sample was 46, 56.52% were over 71 years old, and the male sex ratio of 63.04%. Most of the patients had an advanced oncological disease, were polymedicated, had missing teeth, and no regular hygiene habits. Xerostomia and oral candidiasis were the most identified problems. Patients with oncological diseases have more probability to suffer from mouth disorders (P = .047), compared to noncancer patients. Patients with frequent oral hygiene have fewer mouth disorders (rp = -0.304; P = .040). There is a considerable improvement in the tongue coating with an increase in oral hygiene (P = .005). Mouth care plays is important in patient comfort (n = 45; 97.83%) and nonpharmacological strategies are effective for the relief of xerostomia (n = 35; 94.59%). CONCLUSIONS: Nonpharmacological strategies are effective in the treatment of xerostomia and tongue coating. More information to determine the effectiveness of the strategies in the treatment of mouth disorders is necessary.

2.
Med. paliat ; 30(1): 32-39, ene.-mar. 2023. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-222119

RESUMO

Introducción y objetivo: En los cuidados paliativos, las afecciones de la boca son muy frecuentes e interfieren con la calidad de vida del paciente. La boca es un lugar que aún merece poca atención por parte de los profesionales de la salud. El objetivo del presente estudio es caracterizar los trastornos bucales en pacientes de cuidados paliativos, investigar estrategias farmacológicas y no farmacológicas y analizar su eficacia. Material y métodos: Estudio exploratorio, observacional y correlacional sobre trastornos bucales en pacientes hospitalizados en un servicio de cuidados paliativos en Portugal, entre el 6 de noviembre de 2019 y el 31 de julio de 2020. El instrumento de recolección de datos incluyó un cuestionario y consulta del expediente clínico de los enfermos. Resultados: En este estudio (n = 46), el grupo de edad más representativo fue el de 71-90 años (56,52 %). La mayoría presentaba enfermedad oncológica (84,78 %) y estaban polimedicados. De estos, el 95,65 % presentaba dentición incompleta, y el 41,30 % asumía que rara vez realizaba cuidados de higiene bucal. La xerostomía fue reportada por el 89,13 % de la muestra, se observó candidiasis bucal en el 76,09 %, lengua saburral en el 23,91 % y mucositis bucal en el 10,87 %. Los pacientes con patología oncológica están más predispuestos a las alteraciones bucales (p = 0,047) en comparación con los pacientes no oncológicos. Los pacientes con hábitos de higiene bucal frecuentes tienen menos trastornos bucales (rS = –0,54; p = 0,028). Hubo una mejora considerable en la lengua saburral con el aumento en la frecuencia del cuidado de la higiene bucal (p = 0,004). Conclusiones: La implementación de estrategias farmacológicas y no farmacológicas desempeña un papel central en el bienestar y calidad de vida de la persona. Es fundamental que los profesionales de la salud conozcan las afecciones bucales y sus síntomas, lo cual es fundamental para la promoción de su bienestar. (AU)


Introduction and objectives: In palliative care, there are many mouth disorders that arise, interfering with the patient’s quality of life. The mouth is a place that still deserves little attention by health professionals. The present study aimed to characterize mouth disorders in palliative care patients; to identify the etiology of mouth disorders; to investigate pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies, and to analyse its efficacy. Materials and methods: an exploratory, observational and correlational study on the mouth disorders of patients hospitalized in a palliative care service in Portugal between November 6, 2019 and July 31, 2020. The data collection instrument included a questionnaire and the consultation of the patient’s clinical file. Results: In this study (n = 46), the most representative age group was from 71 to 90 years (56.52 %). Most of them had oncological disease (84.78 %) and were polymedicated. Of these, 95.65 % had incomplete dentition and 41.30 % rarely performed oral hygiene care. Xerostomia was reported by 89.13 % of the sample; oral candidiasis was found in 76.09 %; tongue coating in 23.91 %, and oral mucositis in 10.87 %. Patients with oncological pathology were more predisposed to mouth disorders (p = 0.047) when compared to non-cancer patients. Patients with frequent oral hygiene habits had fewer mouth disorders (rS = –0.54; p = 0.028). There was considerable improvement in tongue coating with increased frequency of oral hygiene care (p = 0.004). Conclusions: The implementation of pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies plays a central role in patient comfort and quality of life. It is essential that health professionals are aware of mouth conditions and their symptoms, this being essential for the promotion of well-being. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cuidados Paliativos , Boca , Doenças da Boca , Portugal , Candidíase Bucal , Estomatite , Xerostomia , Inquéritos e Questionários
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